Middle River Aircraft Systems Position on Product Substitution

What is Product Substitution?

Why is Product Substitution a Concern?

What is Included in Product Substitution?

Keys to Avoiding Product Substitution?

 

 

What is Product Substitution?

The term 'Product Substitution' generally refers to attempts by contractors to deliver to the Government goods or services which do not conform to contract requirements, without informing the Government of the deficiency, while seeking reimbursement based on alleged delivery of conforming products or services.” Products for Government applications must conform to Government Customer Requirements Products for Commercial and Industrial applications must conform to FAA and Commercial and Industrial Customer Requirements.

Potential for Occurrence:

  • Inadequate or Improper Flowdown of Requirements from Contract
  • Engineering Errors
  • System/Procedure Inadequacies
  • Manufacturing/Quality Planning Errors
  • Noncompliance to Systems/Procedures/Planning
  • Not Meeting Drawing/Specification Requirements

Product Substitution occurs when goods or services not strictly meeting contractual requirements are delivered to the customer without approval and there was prior knowledge that requirements were violated. Contract Requirements are defined in the contract itself and in drawings and specifications (Government/Customer and MRAS). This guideline applies equally to military and commercial contract requirements.

Why is product substitution a concern?

  • Safety
  • Risk to National Defense
  • Waste of Resources
  • Unfair Competition

Key Points to Remember:

Most commercial/industrial and all of our Government contracts contain strict regulations for the design, manufacture and testing of product and/or delivery of services. Consequently, design elements, specifications and production and testing procedures must be performed exactly as they are specified in contracts.

Any deviations from a Government contract must have the prior written approval of an authorized Government representative.

Any deviations from commercial or industrial contracts must have the prior approval of designated customer and/or regulatory agency representatives. Delivery of unauthorized or unapproved goods or services whether substandard, just as good as, or better than contractually required where there is knowledge of the condition, constitutes Product Substitution.

 

What is included in Product Substitution:

  • Identifying repair as rework to circumvent need for government approval.
  • Knowingly supplying non U.S. made parts when contract requires US made parts.
  • Furnishing specially worked material for testing in order to bias test results.
  • Salting shipments with defective/nonconforming parts.
  • Obtaining approval for a product deviation/nonconformance from an unauthorized Government Representative.
  • Knowingly using an unapproved sampling plan to make product acceptance decisions.
  • Using materials and components other than those specified in contract without customer approval.
  • Unauthorized use of a material (weld wire, raw material, etc.) that is different than that required by drawing or specification.
  • Failing to perform a test as specified in a contract or an engineering drawing or falsely certifying that a required test or process was performed satisfactorily.
  • Falsifying documentation (example: altering lab reports to reflect satisfactory conditions).
  • Supplying defective/nonconforming parts without proper authorization.
  • Knowingly using an improperly calibrated gage to make product acceptance decisions.
  • Delivering hardware and software known to be non-conforming to approved parts list, product definition, drawings or specifications.
  • Delivering drawings, electronic files or software known to be nonconforming to contract format requirements.
  • Accepting and delivering hardware that meets “design intent” but does not meet drawing/specification requirements.
  • Knowingly supplying used rather than new parts when contract does not allow.

 

Keys to Avoiding Product Substitution:

Follow the Requirements - Adhere to documented policies, procedures, work station planning and instructions.

Get Help - Obtain clarification of ambiguous requirements either on engineering drawings, in specifications or in policies, procedures or work station planning.

Obtain Customer Approval - Obtain advanced customer authorization or regulation agency concurrence for any desired deviation from a contractual and/or engineering requirement.

If you think that something may be a case of Product Substitution: Ask questions; Raise the Issue; Talk with your Manager, Functional Expert from Quality, Manufacturing, Sourcing, Engineering, or other applicable organization.

Product Substitution is a Serious Issue

  • It affects the integrity of our product.
  • It can affect our relationships with our customers.
  • It can get us into serious trouble including lawsuits and criminal prosecutions.

If something seems improper, ask questions. If it’s legitimate, then there should be a valid explanation and no one should resent you asking about it. If you are not satisfied with the answer, keep asking questions until you are, or report it.

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